Golang 编写测试用例（单元测试、压力测试等）最新教程，细到极致

package main

func Add(a int, b int) int {
	return a + b
}

func Mul(a int, b int) int {
	return a * b
}

package main

func TestAdd(t *testing.T) {
	if value := Add(1, 2); value != 3 {
		t.Errorf("1+2 expected be 3, but %d got", value)
	}

	if value := Mul(1, 2); value != 2 {
		t.Errorf("1*2 expected be 2, but %d got", value)
	}

}

PS D:\Project\Go_Project\testCobraPlus> go test -v

// 嵌套测试
func TestMul(t *testing.T) {
	t.Run("pos", func(t *testing.T) {
		if Mul(2, 3) != 6 {
			t.Fatal("expected to get 6,but fail...")
		}
	})

	t.Run("neg", func(t *testing.T) {
		if Mul(2, -3) != -6 {
			t.Fatal("expected to get -6,but fail...")
		}
	})
}

func TestMul2(t *testing.T) {
	cases := []struct {
		Name           string
		A, B, Expected int
	}{
		{"pos", 2, 3, 6},
		{"neg", 2, -3, -6},
		{"zero", 2, 0, 0},
	}

	for _, c := range cases {
		t.Run(c.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
			if value := Mul(c.A, c.B); value != c.Expected {
				t.Fatalf("%d * %d expected %d,but %d got", c.A, c.B, c.Expected, value)
			}
		})
	}
}

func before() {
	fmt.Println("Before all tests...")
}

func after() {
	fmt.Println("After all tests...")
}

func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
	before()
	code := m.Run()
	after()
	os.Exit(code)
}

package main

import (
	"io"
	"net/http"
	"net/http/httptest"
	"testing"
)

func helloHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	w.Write([]byte("hello baidu"))
}

func TestConn(t *testing.T) {
	req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "https://www.baidu.com/", nil)
	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
	helloHandler(w, req)

	bytes, _ := io.ReadAll(w.Result().Body)
	if string(bytes) != "hello baidu" {
		t.Fatal("expected hello baidu,but got", string(bytes))
	}
}

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"testing"
)

func Benchmark_Add(b *testing.B) {
	var n int
	//b.N 是基准测试框架提供的，表示循环的次数，没有具体的限制
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		n++
	}
}

func BenchmarkConcatStringByAdd(b *testing.B) {
   //有些测试需要一定的启动和初始化时间，如果从 Benchmark() 函数开始计时会很大程度上影响测试结果的精准性。
	//testing.B 提供了一系列的方法可以方便地控制计时器，从而让计时器只在需要的区间进行测试
	elem := []string{"1", "2", "3", "4", "5"}
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		ret := ""
		for _, v := range elem {
			ret += v
		}
	}
	b.StopTimer()
}

func BenchmarkConcatStringByByteBuffer(b *testing.B) {
	elems := []string{"1", "2", "3", "4", "5"}
	b.ResetTimer()
	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
		var buf bytes.Buffer
		for _, elem := range elems {
			buf.WriteString(elem)
		}
	}
	b.StopTimer()
}

PS D:\Project\Go_Project\testCobraPlus\benchmark> go test -v -bench="." benchmark_test.go
goos: windows 
goarch: amd64
cpu: 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700KF
Benchmark_Add
Benchmark_Add-20                                1000000000               0.1053 ns/op
BenchmarkConcatStringByAdd
BenchmarkConcatStringByAdd-20                   20758946                57.88 ns/op
BenchmarkConcatStringByByteBuffer
BenchmarkConcatStringByByteBuffer-20            40134450                28.70 ns/op
PASS
ok      command-line-arguments  2.694s

PS D:\Project\Go_Project\testCobraPlus\benchmark>

PS D:\Project\Go_Project\testCobraPlus\benchmark> go test -v -bench="." -benchtime=5s benchmark_test.go
goos: windows
goarch: amd64
cpu: 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700KF
Benchmark_Add
Benchmark_Add-20                                1000000000               0.1051 ns/op
BenchmarkConcatStringByAdd
BenchmarkConcatStringByAdd-20                   98688592                58.19 ns/op
BenchmarkConcatStringByByteBuffer                                                  
BenchmarkConcatStringByByteBuffer-20            214375582               28.14 ns/op
PASS                                                                               
ok      command-line-arguments  14.921s    

PS D:\Project\Go_Project\testCobraPlus\benchmark> go test -v -bench=Add -benchmem benchmark_test.go
goos: windows
goarch: amd64
cpu: 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700KF
Benchmark_Add
Benchmark_Add-20                        1000000000               0.1060 ns/op          0 B/op        
  0 allocs/op
BenchmarkConcatStringByAdd
BenchmarkConcatStringByAdd-20           19738010                57.19 ns/op           16 B/op       
   4 allocs/op
PASS
ok      command-line-arguments  1.439s

func Hello() string {
	return "Hello World"
}

//Output 需要和上面打印的内容一致，否则测试失败
func ExampleHello() {
	fmt.Println(Hello())

	// Output: Hello World

}

func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
	fmt.Println("Before...")
	code := m.Run()
	fmt.Println("End...")
	os.Exit(code)
}

PS D:\Project\Go_Project\testCobraPlus\benchmark> go test -v -run="ExampleHello"                      
Before...
=== RUN   ExampleHello
--- PASS: ExampleHello (0.00s)
PASS
End...
ok      testCobraPlus/benchmark 0.125s 

func FuzzStrToNum(f *testing.F) {
	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, a string) {
		b, _ := strconv.ParseInt(a, 10, 64)
		fmt.Printf("%d\n", b)
	})
}

func FuzzDivision(f *testing.F) {
	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, a, b int) {
		fmt.Println(a / b)
	})
}

//我们可以在模糊测试中，自己定义参数进去
func FuzzHello(f *testing.F) {
	f.Add(1)
	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, num int) {
		if num != 6 {
			t.Errorf("expected 6,but got %d", num)
		}
	})
}

PS D:\Project\Go_Project\testCobraPlus\benchmark> go test -fuzztime 10s -fuzz .